Comprehsive Investigation of the Underlying Causes of Soil Liquefaction During Earthquakes

Dehghan, Farshid

doi:10.30469/arce.2024.237032

Comprehsive Investigation of the Underlying Causes of Soil Liquefaction During Earthquakes

Author

Farshid Dehghan

Master of Civil Engineering, Geotechnical engineering, Islamic Azad University, Estahban Branch, Shiraz, Iran

10.30469/arce.2024.237032

Abstract

Soil liquefaction is a critical geotechnical hazard that can cause severe damage to infrastructure and compromise the stability of ground foundations during seismic events. This study presents a comprehensive investigation into the primary factors contributing to soil liquefaction during earthquakes. The analysis begins with an overview of the general concept of liquefaction, followed by an in-depth examination of key causes, including the presence of saturated granular soils, high groundwater tables, low-density soil conditions, and the effects of seismic loading such as intensity, duration, and cyclic stress. The research further considers geological and topographical influences, such as soil type, grain characteristics, and ground slope. Emphasis is placed on understanding how these factors interact under earthquake-induced stress to trigger liquefaction. Finally, the study explores modern techniques to reduce the risk of liquefaction, focusing on chemical and mechanical soil stabilization methods, structural mitigation strategies, and the use of specialized equipment. The findings aim to contribute to more resilient geotechnical design and effective risk management in earthquake-prone regions

Keywords

Soil Liquefaction, Saturated Soil, Earthquake, Liquefaction Causes